Breast Cancer and Birth Control: What You Need to Know

A recent study in Sweden tracked over two million women under 50 for more than a decade. It found that hormonal birth control is generally safe, but some types might slightly increase breast cancer risk. The risk is small and short-term, highest during use and fading after stopping. The study showed that women using hormonal birth control had about a 24% higher rate of breast cancer. However, breast cancer is rare in younger women. This means the increase is about one extra case per 7, 800 users per year. The risk varies by hormone type. Some, like desogestrel, showed a higher risk, while others, like medroxyprogesterone acetate, did not. Experts say the study should not change how doctors advise patients. They stress that birth control is broadly safe and decisions should be tailored to each woman's needs. Some doctors suggest considering hormone-free options like the copper IUD for those who prefer it. The study counted both invasive and early-stage breast cancers. Some experts say this might make the risk seem higher than it is. They recommend more data to separate early-stage and advanced cancers before making new rules. Hormonal birth control has many benefits beyond pregnancy prevention. It can lighten heavy periods, ease pain from endometriosis, and lower the risk of ovarian and uterine cancers. Experts say decisions should be guided by women's values and preferences.