Can These Diabetes Drugs Prevent Prediabetes? What Science Says

Prediabetes is a warning sign. It often leads to type 2 diabetes if left unchecked. People with prediabetes face higher risks of serious health issues too. Doctors usually suggest diet changes and exercise first. But some medicines may also help delay the problem.

One group of drugs called SGLT2 inhibitors is getting attention. These pills work by helping the kidneys remove sugar through urine. They are already used by many people with type 2 diabetes. Now researchers want to know if they can stop prediabetes from turning into full-blown diabetes.

A team looked at studies up to early 2026. They found that these drugs do several good things. They help people lose a little weight. They lower blood pressure. They also improve how the body uses insulin. Some big studies show they cut the chance of getting type 2 diabetes by about one-fifth in people with heart failure or kidney disease.

But there are downsides. These drugs can cause more bladder and yeast infections. In rare cases, they may lead to a dangerous condition called euglycemic ketoacidosis. That means the body burns fat too fast even when blood sugar looks normal.

So far, health experts say these drugs are not ready to be used widely just for prediabetes. They are only approved for people with heart failure or chronic kidney disease. More long-term studies are needed before doctors start prescribing them just to prevent diabetes in everyone at risk.