Mosquito Population Boom: Rain, Warmth, and Humidity Drive Aedes aegypti Growth

Have you ever wondered what drives the population of disease-carrying mosquitoes, like Aedes aegypti, along the U. S. -Mexico border? This mosquito species, known for spreading viruses like dengue, Chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever, is becoming more common in temperate regions. Our study aimed to understand how this tiny insect's population changes throughout the year in two urban communities: Sparks in El Paso, Texas, and Anapra in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico. From June to December, over three years (2016 to 2018), we used special traps to catch adult mosquitoes inside and outside homes in both communities. We found some interesting patterns. The population of Aedes aegypti increased during months with more rain, moderate temperatures, and high humidity. However, when temperatures dropped below 4. 4°C, the adult mosquitoes almost disappeared. In the warmer months, from August to October, the population boomed, with their numbers increasing nearly 100-fold. But as the weather got colder in the following months, the mosquito population dropped to almost zero. This information helps us understand how environmental factors influence the mosquito population and could help in developing better ways to control them.