Warming Waters: How Changes in Light Affect Antarctic Fjords

The West Antarctic Peninsula is warming quickly, which is causing glaciers to melt and the fast-ice to disappear earlier. This study looked at how this warming affects the underwater conditions in Potter Cove, an Antarctic fjord. Over 30 years, scientists tracked air temperatures and found that warming happens mostly in the spring, autumn, and winter. They also monitored underwater light, saltiness, temperature, and murkiness for 10 years. For the first time, they got a 5-year continuous record of underwater light. The study focused on three areas in the fjord: one with low glacier influence, one with intermediate influence, and one with high influence. They wanted to see how light affects seaweed that live on the seafloor. These seaweed need a certain amount of light to survive. The scientists found that glacier melt makes the water murky, which blocks light. This happens more in the spring, summer, and autumn. The water gets clearer in the winter when there's less melt. In the last few years, the water has been getting cloudier. This might mean that the seaweed aren't getting enough light to survive, especially in warmer years. This could have big effects on how much food the ecosystem can produce.